The effects of the 21st Amendment have had
a major impact on the history of wine consumption in the U.S. during the 20th
and 21st Centuries. Its legacy is a tangle of state and county laws that
regulate the production and sale of wine.
The Fortified Wine Years
Immediately after the repeal of
Prohibition, wine consumption dropped as Americans had renewed access to
spirits and beer. From the repeal of Prohibition to the late 1950s,
high-alcohol dessert and fortified wines dominated the market. These were the
darkest days of the history of wine production and consumption. Many fortified
wines were produced and sold extremely cheaply, and catered to the "misery
market". "Winos" drank these overly alcoholic concoctions because
they were the cheapest way to get drunk. In the quest for short-term profits,
unscrupulous producers stamped a black mark on the history of wine in America.
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